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Learn English with Friends

#6. Phoebe and Evolution

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Published: 7.14.2017   [ UPDATED APR 2024 ]
Level 5   |   Time: 4:46
Accent: American
Source: Friends [S2 E03]

Phoebe explains to Ross why she doesn't believe in evolution.


triangle Directions 목표 Direcciones Instruções

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  1. READ the VOCABULARY + BACKGROUND

    It is important to read the vocabulary and background before you watch the video. This will improve your ability to understand the video. It will also help you understand how the new vocabulary is used naturally.

  2. WATCH the VIDEO

    The first time you watch the video, just try to understand the overall situation.

  3. ANSWER the QUESTIONS

    First, try to answer all the questions from memory. Then rewatch the video and try to answer the questions that you missed.

  4. WATCH and READ the SCRIPT

    Watch the video again while you read the script. Reading and listening at the same time will help you hear each individual word and improve your listening accuracy.

  5. DO the ACTIVITIES

    There are several different activities that focus on listening accuracy, pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, and sentence structure.

  1. LEA el VOCABULARIO y ANTECEDENTES.

    Es importante leer el vocabulario y los antecedentes antes de ver el video. Esto mejorará su capacidad para comprender el video. También le ayudará a comprender cómo se usa el nuevo vocabulario de forma natural.

  2. VER el VIDEO

    La primera vez que vea el video, intente comprender la situación general.

  3. RESPONDE a las PREGUNTAS

    Primero intente responder todas las preguntas de memoria. Luego, vuelva a ver el video e intente responder las preguntas que se perdió.

  4. MIRAR Y LEER

    Mire el video nuevamente mientras lee el guión. Leer y escuchar al mismo tiempo lo ayudará a escuchar cada palabra individual y mejorará su precisión auditiva.

  5. HACER LAS ACTIVIDADES

    Hay una serie de actividades diferentes que se centran en la precisión auditiva, la pronunciación, el vocabulario, la gramática y la estructura de las oraciones.

  1. 어휘와 배경 읽기

    비디오를 보기 전에 어휘와 배경을 읽는 것이 중요합니다. 이렇게 하면 비디오를 이해하는 능력이 향상됩니다. 또한 새로운 어휘가 어떻게 자연스럽게 사용되는지 이해하는데 도움이됩니다.

  2. 비디오 보기

    비디오를 처음 볼 때 전체 상황을 이해하려고 노력하세요.

  3. 문제에 답하기

    먼저 모든 질문에 답을 해보세요. 그런 다음 비디오를 다시보고 놓친 질문에 답해보세요.

  4. 비디오 보면서 대본 읽기

    대본을 읽는 동안 비디오를 다시 보세요. 읽기와 듣기를 동시에 하면 각각의 단어를 듣고, 듣기 정확도를 향상시킬 수 있습니다.

  5. 액티비티 하기

    듣기 정확도, 발음, 어휘, 문법 및 문장 구조에 초점을 맞춘 다양한 액티비티가 있습니다.

  1. LER o VOCABULÁRIO + FUNDO

    É importante ler o vocabulário e o histórico antes de assistir ao vídeo. Isso melhorará sua capacidade de entender o vídeo. Também ajudará você a entender como o novo vocabulário é usado naturalmente.

  2. ASSISTA ao VÍDEO

    Na primeira vez que assistir ao vídeo, tente entender a situação geral.

  3. RESPONDA às PERGUNTAS

    Primeiro, tente responder todas as perguntas de memória. Em seguida, assista novamente ao vídeo e tente responder às perguntas que você errou.

  4. ASSISTA e LEIA o SCRIPT

    Assista ao vídeo novamente enquanto lê o roteiro. Ler e ouvir ao mesmo tempo ajudará você a ouvir cada palavra individualmente e a melhorar sua precisão auditiva.

  5. FAÇA as ATIVIDADES

    Existem várias atividades diferentes que se concentram na precisão auditiva, pronúncia, vocabulário, gramática e estrutura da frase.

triangle Vocabulary 어휘 Vocabulário Vocabulario

  • ☐ ☐ ☐ evolution [n] - the theory that animals (organisms) develop through natural selection
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ Darwin [n] - the British scientist who developed the theory of evolution
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ I don't buy it. [exp] - I don't believe it.
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ an organism [n] - an individual animal, plant, or life form
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ single-celled organisms [n] - life with just one cell
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ gravity [n] - the force that holds people down on Earth
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ funky [adj] - cool
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ a fossil [n] - the remains of ancient life in rock [image] ESL Vocab - a fossil
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ species [n] - a class of life (e.g., homo sapien)
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ evolve [v] - life changing over time
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ opposable thumbs [n] - thumbs that make the hand able to use tools
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ overlords [n] - alien leaders
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ steer [v] - drive or direct
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ a spacecraft [n] - a spaceship
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ put (something) under the microscope [exp] - examine (something) carefully
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ a briefcase [n] - the luggage that business people use to hold papers [image] ESL Vocab - a briefcase
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ the brightest minds [exp] - the best scientists
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ an atom [n] - the basic unit of a chemical element [image] ESL Vocab - an atom
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ arrogant [adj] - feeling smarter or better than other people
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ teeny tiny [adj] - very very small
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ cave [v] - give up
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ abandon [v] - give up

[n] - noun,  [v] - verb,  [phv] - phrasal verb,  [adj] - adjective,  [exp] - expression


triangle Background 배경 O fundo Antecedentes

Phoebe from Friends Ross from Friends
Phoebe Ross
  • Phoebe and Ross are friends who live in New York.
  • Ross is a scientist (a Ph.D. paleontologist).

triangle Questions 문제 Questões Preguntas

  1. Phoebe thinks that evolution is too complicated to be true.
    True
    False

  2. Phoebe is not sure about gravity either.
    True
    False

  3. Phoebe says that someone might have put fossils in the ground.
    True
    False

  4. Ross thinks that thumbs are evidence of evolution.
    True
    False

  5. Phoebe jokes that aliens might exist.
    True
    False

  6. The fossils that Ross brings are from China.
    True
    False

  7. Ross says that Phoebe needs to open her mind.
    True
    False

  8. Phoebe says that evolution is impossible.
    True
    False

  9. Ross believes that evolution is one possible explanation of many.
    True
    False

  10. Phoebe gives examples of past scientific theories that were proven wrong.
    True
    False

  11. Phoebe tells Ross that the earth is flat.
    True
    False

  12. Ross admits that there is a small chance that evolution might be wrong.
    True
    False

  13. Phoebe has more respect for Ross because he admits he could be wrong.
    True
    False


triangle Grammar 문법 Gramática Gramática (negatives)

Directions: Choose the best word.

  • What? You (don't) believe in evolution?
  • Nah. (Not) really.
  • Yeah, I just (don't) buy it.
  • Excuse me. Evolution (is not) for you to buy, Phoebe. Evolution is scientific fact.
  • Oh, (don't) get me started on gravity.
  • Well, it (isn't) so much that I (don't) believe in it.
  • Lately, I get the feeling that I ('m not) so much being pulled down as I am being pushed.
  • How can you (not) believe in evolution?
  • Really? You can actually see it? See, I (didn't) know that.
  • Look, (can't) we just say that you believe in something, and I (don't) .
  • Before you even start, I ('m not) denying evolution, okay?
  • Now, (wasn't) there a time when the brightest minds in the world believed that the world was flat?
  • I (can't) believe you caved.
  • Before, I (didn't) agree with you, but at least I respected you.

triangle Sentence Building 문장 만들기 Construção de sentença Construcción de oraciones [ ? ]

Summary

This activity is designed to improve sentence accuracy and complexity. Most students can produce the key content words in a sentence. However, they have difficulty with accuracy because the functional words are difficult or can seem unimportant. This activity will help learners eliminate problems with these functional words by giving them immediate feedback on the mistakes they are making. It will also help students develop their use of more natural, varied and complex sentence structures.

TIP: Say the sentence out loud. Notice the types of mistake you make often. Focus on those types of errors. (singular/plural, subject-verb agreement, article use, prepositions, gerunds and infinitives, noun clauses, adjective clauses, word order, and word forms.)

Resumen

Esta actividad está diseñada para mejorar la precisión y complejidad de las oraciones. La mayoría de los estudiantes pueden producir las palabras clave del contenido en una oración. Sin embargo, tienen dificultades con la precisión porque las palabras funcionales son difíciles o pueden parecer poco importantes. Esta actividad ayudará a los alumnos a eliminar problemas con estas palabras funcionales al brindarles retroalimentación inmediata sobre los errores que están cometiendo. También ayudará a los estudiantes a desarrollar su uso de estructuras de oraciones más naturales, variadas y complejas.

CONSEJO: Diga la oración en voz alta. Observe los tipos de errores que comete con frecuencia. Concéntrese en ese tipo de errores. (singular / plural, concordancia entre sujeto y verbo, uso del artículo, preposiciones, gerundios e infinitivos, cláusulas sustantivas, cláusulas adjetivas, orden de las palabras y formas de las palabras).

요약

이 액티비티는 문장의 정확성과 복잡성을 개선하기 위해 고안되었습니다. 대부분의 학생들은 문장에서 핵심 내용 단어를 생성 할 수 있습니다. 그러나 기능적 단어가 어렵거나 중요하지 않은 것처럼 보일 수 있기 때문에 정확성에 어려움이 있습니다. 이 액티비티는 학습자가 실수에 대한 즉각적인 피드백을 제공함으로써 이러한 기능적 단어의 문제를 제거하는 데 도움이 됩니다. 또한 학생들이 보다 자연스럽고 다양하며 복잡한 문장 구조를 사용하는 데 도움이 됩니다.

팁 : 문장을 크게 말하세요. 자주 저지르는 실수 유형과, 이러한 유형의 오류에 집중하세요. (단수 / 복수, 주어-동사 일치, 관사 사용, 전치사, 동명사 및 부정사, 명사절, 형용사절, 어순 및 단어 형태)

Resumo

Esta atividade foi desenvolvida para melhorar a precisão e a complexidade das frases. A maioria dos alunos pode produzir as palavras-chave do conteúdo em uma frase. No entanto, eles têm dificuldade com precisão porque as palavras funcionais são difíceis ou podem parecer sem importância. Esta atividade ajudará os alunos a eliminar problemas com essas palavras funcionais, dando-lhes feedback imediato sobre os erros que estão cometendo. Também ajudará os alunos a desenvolver o uso de estruturas de sentenças mais naturais, variadas e complexas.

DICA: Diga a frase em voz alta. Observe os tipos de erro que você comete com frequência. Concentre-se nesses tipos de erros. (singular/plural, concordância sujeito-verbo, uso de artigos, preposições, gerúndios e infinitivos, cláusulas substantivas, cláusulas adjetivas, ordem das palavras e formas das palavras.)

Directions: Write sentences about the video clip using the words given. You can change the word form or add words, but you cannot change the word order. Use a present time frame (tense).
( ) = optional   [ ] = necessary

Instrucciones: Escriba oraciones sobre el videoclip usando las palabras dadas. Puede cambiar la forma de la palabra o agregar palabras, pero no puede cambiar el orden de las palabras. Usa el tiempo presente.

Instrucciones: Escribe oraciones sobre el videoclip usando las palabras dadas. Puede cambiar la forma de las palabras o agregar palabras, pero no puede cambiar el orden de las palabras. Usa tiempo presente.

지시 : 주어진 단어를 사용하여 비디오 클립에 대한 문장을 씁니다. 어형을 변경하거나 단어를 추가할 수 있지만 어순은 변경할 수 없습니다. 현재 시제를 사용합니다.



Sentence 1

Ross / shock / Phoebe / not / believe / evolution


Ross is shocked (that) Phoebe doesn't believe in evolution.



Sentence 2

evolution / be / process / every / living / organism / evolve / over / million / year


Evolution is the process of every living organism evolving over millions of years.



Sentence 3

Phoebe / not / believe / gravity / either


Phoebe doesn't believe in gravity either.



Sentence 4

Ross / claim / there / fossil / all / world / show / species / evolve / time


Ross claims (that) there are fossils (from) all [over/around] the world that show species evolving [through/over] time.



Sentence 5

Phoebe / want / know / who / put / fossil / ground / why


Phoebe wants to know who put (the) fossils in the ground and why.



Sentence 6

Ross / submit / opposable / thumb / as / proof / evolution / real


Ross submits opposable thumbs as proof (that) evolution is real.



Sentence 7

Phoebe / want / put / Ross / microscope


Phoebe wants to put Ross under the microscope.



Sentence 8

Ross / show / Phoebe / briefcase / full / fossil / over / 200 / million / year / old


Ross shows Phoebe a briefcase full of fossils that are over 200 million years old.



Sentence 9

Phoebe / think / evolution / just / one / many / possibility


Phoebe thinks (that) evolution is just one of many possibilities.



Sentence 10

Phoebe / give / few / example / when / scientist / wrong / past


Phoebe gives (Ross) a few examples of when scientists were wrong in the past.



Sentence 11

Ross / admit / there / small / chance / he / wrong


Ross admits (that) there is a small chance (that) he is wrong.
Ross admits (that) there is a small chance (that) he [could/might/may] be wrong.



Sentence 12

Phoebe / laugh / Ross / abandon / whole / belief / system


Phoebe laughs at Ross for abandoning his whole belief system.
Phoebe laughs at Ross because he abandoned his whole belief system.



triangle Listen & Repeat 듣고 따라하기 Ouça e repita Escuchar y repetir [ ? ]

Listen & Repeat


This activity has two purposes.

The first purpose is to improve listening accuracy. Learners can often understand the general meaning of a video but still not hear and understand many of the words that are said. This is because native speakers tend to say the functional words unclearly. (eg. don’t know, going to, want to, can’t, must have) This activity is designed to help learners improve their ability to hear these words.

TIP: Learners should listen, and then try to repeat exactly what they hear. Then they should click “Show” and read the sentence. After reading the sentence, learners should listen again and try to hear each word.

The second purpose is to improve pronunciation.

TIP: Learners should listen to and read the sentences at the same time. Then learners should try to copy the pronunciation and intonation of the speaker exactly.

TIP: Exaggerating the intonation and feeling of the speaker is useful. It may feel awkward or funny, but it will help you sound more natural.

Escuchar y Repetir

Esta actividad tiene dos propósitos separados.

El primer propósito es mejorar la precisión auditiva. Los estudiantes a menudo pueden comprender el significado general de un video, pero aún no escuchan ni comprenden muchas de las palabras que se dicen. En particular, los hablantes nativos tienden a decir las palabras funcionales (p. Ej., No sé, voy a, quiero, no puedo, debe haberlo hecho) de manera poco clara. Esta actividad está diseñada para ayudar a los alumnos a mejorar su capacidad para escuchar estas palabras.

CONSEJO: Los alumnos deben escuchar y luego intentar repetir exactamente lo que se dijo. Luego deben hacer clic en "Show" y leer la oración. Después de leer la oración, los alumnos deben volver a escuchar e intentar escuchar cada palabra.

El segundo propósito es mejorar la pronunciación.

CONSEJO: Los alumnos deben escuchar y leer las oraciones al mismo tiempo. Luego, los alumnos deben intentar copiar la pronunciación y la entonación del hablante.

CONSEJO: Es útil exagerar la entonación y el sentimiento del hablante. Puede parecer incómodo o divertido, pero te ayudará a sonar más natural.

듣고 따라하기

이 액티비티에는 두 가지 목적이 있습니다.

첫 번째 목적은 청취 정확도를 높이는 것입니다. 학생들은 종종 비디오의 일반적인 의미를 이해할 수 있지만 여전히 많은 단어를 듣고 이해하지 못합니다. 특히 원어민은 기능적 단어 (예 : 모르겠다, 갈 것, 갖고 싶어, 가질 수 없어야 한다)를 불분명하게 말하는 경향이 있습니다. 이 액티비티는 학습자가 이러한 단어를 듣는 능력을 향상시킬 수 있도록 고안되었습니다.

팁 : 학습자는 듣고 나서 말한 내용을 정확하게 반복해야 합니다. 그들은“Show”를 클릭하고 문장을 읽어야 합니다. 문장을 읽은 후 학습자는 다시 듣고 각 단어를 들어야 합니다.

두 번째 목적은 발음을 향상시키는 것입니다.

팁 : 학습자는 동시에 문장을 듣고 읽어야 합니다. 그런 다음 학습자는 화자의 발음과 억양을 따라 해 보아야 합니다.

팁 : 화자의 억양과 느낌을 과장하는 것이 유용합니다. 어색하거나 재미있게 느껴질 수 있지만 더 자연스럽게 들리는 데 도움이 됩니다.

Ouvir e repetir


Esta atividade tem dois propósitos.

O primeiro objetivo é melhorar a precisão auditiva. Os alunos geralmente podem entender o significado geral de um vídeo, mas ainda não ouvem e entendem muitas das palavras que são ditas. Isso ocorre porque os falantes nativos tendem a dizer as palavras funcionais de forma pouco clara. (por exemplo, não sei, vou, quero, não posso, devo ter) Esta atividade é projetada para ajudar os alunos a melhorar sua capacidade de ouvir essas palavras.

DICA: os alunos devem ouvir e tentar repetir exatamente o que ouviram. Em seguida, deveriam clicar em “Mostrar” e ler a frase. Depois de ler a frase, os alunos devem ouvir novamente e tentar ouvir cada palavra.

O segundo objetivo é melhorar a pronúncia.

DICA: os alunos devem ouvir e ler as frases ao mesmo tempo. Em seguida, os alunos devem tentar copiar exatamente a pronúncia e a entonação do falante.

DICA: É útil exagerar na entonação e no sentimento do falante. Pode parecer estranho ou engraçado, mas ajudará você a soar mais natural.

Directions: Play the audio clip and try to repeat what you hear. Click "Show" to see the text.

Instrucciones: Reproduce el clip de audio e intenta repetir lo que escuchas. Haga clic en "Show" para ver el texto.

Instrucciones: Reproduzca el clip de audio e intente repetir lo que escucha. Haga clic en "Mostrar" para ver el texto.

지시 사항 : 오디오 클립을 재생하고 들리는 내용을 반복해 보십시오. 텍스트를 보려면 "Show" 를 클릭하십시오.


Clip 1

What? You don't believe in evolution?



Clip 2

It's a nice story. I just think it's a little too easy.



Clip 3

The process of every living thing on this planet evolving over millions of years from single-celled organisms is too easy?



Clip 4

Don't get me started on gravity.



Clip 5

I'm not so much being pulled down as I am being pushed.



Clip 6

I don't know. (I) just don't.



Clip 7

See, I didn't know that.



Clip 8

Can't we just say that you believe in something, and I don't.



Clip 9

No, what's that all about?



Clip 10

You know what? I think maybe it's time you put Ross under the microscope.



Clip 11

Before you even start, I'm not denying evolution.



Clip 12

You all thought the atom was the smallest thing.



Clip 13

There might be a teeny tiny possibility.



Clip 14

Before, I didn't agree with you, but at least I respected you.



Clip 15

How are you going to go into work tomorrow?



triangle Discussion 논의 Questões de discussão Discusión

  1. Phoebe thinks evolution might be true. Ross believes it is fact. Who do you agree with?
  2. What evidence does Ross present to Phoebe to support the theory of evolution? Can you think of any other evidence?
  3. Evolutionary theory consists of four main components:
    1) inherited traits
    2) mutation & variation
    3) competition
    4) survival of the fittest

    Can you explain what these terms mean?
    (Pretend you are teaching this to your niece or nephew.)
  4. Can you explain what is happening in this diagram using the vocabulary above and vocabulary from the video?

    evolution
  5. Creationism or Intelligent Design are some other theories that people believe instead of evolution. What do you know about them?
  6. Phoebe mentions a few "scientific" theories or ideas that have changed over time. Can you think of some others?
  7. Phoebe says she has lost respect for Ross because he admits there is chance that he could be wrong. Do you agree with Phoebe? Why?
  8. Do you think Friends promotes anti-intellectualism and glorifies ignorance? If so, read [ this article ] .

    * Creationism – God created humans and put us on Earth as we are today
    * Intelligent Design - humans were created by an intelligent designer

triangle Script 대본 Roteiro Texto

Ross: What? You don't, you don't believe in evolution?

Phoebe: Nah. Not really.

Ross: You don't believe in evolution?

Phoebe: I don't know, it's just, you know...monkeys, Darwin, you know, it's a, it's a nice story, I just think it's a little too easy.

Ross: Too easy? Too... The process of every living thing on this planet evolving over millions of years from single-celled organisms, is-is too easy?

Phoebe: Yeah, I just don't buy it.

Ross: Uh, excuse me. Evolution is not for you to buy, Phoebe. Evolution is scientific fact, like, like, like the air we breathe, like gravity.

Phoebe: Oh, don't get me started on gravity.

Ross: You uh, you don't believe in gravity?

Phoebe: Well, it's not so much that you know, like I don't believe in it, you know, it's just, I don't know, lately I get the feeling that I'm not so much being pulled down as I am being pushed.



Ross: How can you not believe in evolution?

Phoebe: I don't know. just don't. Look at this funky shirt!

Ross: Pheebs, I have studied evolution my entire adult life, okay? I can tell you, we have collected fossils from all over the world that actually show the evolution of different species, okay? I mean you can literally see them evolving through time.

Phoebe: Really? You can actually see it?

Ross: You bet. In the U.S., China, Africa, all over.

Phoebe: See, I didn't know that.

Ross: Well, there you go.

Phoebe: Huh. So now, the real question is, who put those fossils there, and why?

Ross: Ok, Pheebs. See how I'm making these little toys move? Opposable thumbs. Without evolution, how do you explain opposable thumbs?

Phoebe: Maybe the overlords needed them to steer their spacecrafts.

Ross: Please tell me you're joking.

Phoebe: Look, can't we just say that you believe in something, and I don't.

Ross: No, no, no, Pheebs, we can't, ok, because...

Phoebe: What is this obsessive need you have to make everyone agree with you? No, what's that all about? You know what? I think, I think maybe it's time you put Ross under the microscope.



Phoebe: Uh-oh. It's Scary Scientist Man.

Ross: Ok, Phoebe, this is it. In this briefcase, I carry actual scientific facts. A briefcase of facts, if you will. Some of these fossils are over 200 million years old.

Phoebe: Ok, look, before you even start, I'm not denying evolution, okay? I'm just saying that it's one of the possibilities.

Ross: It's the only possibility, Phoebe.

Phoebe: Ok, Ross, could you just open your mind like this much, okay? Now, wasn't there a time when the brightest minds in the world believed that the world was flat? And, up until like what, 50 years ago, you all thought the atom was the smallest thing, until you split it open, and this like, whole mess of crap came out. Now, are you telling me that you are so unbelievably arrogant that you can't admit that there's a teeny tiny possibility that you could be wrong about this?

Ross: There might be a teeny tiny possibility.

Phoebe: I can't believe you caved.

Ross: What?

Phoebe: You just abandoned your whole belief system. God! I mean, before, I didn't agree with you, but at least I respected you. How, how, how are you going to go into work tomorrow? How, how are you going to face the other science guys? How, how are you going to face yourself? Oh!

Phoebe: That was fun. So who's hungry?

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