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• ☐ ☐ ☐ fabulous [adj] - wonderful, amazing
• ☐ ☐ ☐ paddle [v] - move through water with feet or hands
• ☐ ☐ ☐ chilly [adj] - cold
• ☐ ☐ ☐ toasty [adj] - warm
• ☐ ☐ ☐ glamorous [adj] - beautiful
• ☐ ☐ ☐ plumage [n] - all the feathers of a bird
• ☐ ☐ ☐ preening [n] - cleaning and fixing feathers
• ☐ ☐ ☐ a regimen [n] - a regular system, routine, or plan
• ☐ ☐ ☐ fuzzy [adj] - soft
• ☐ ☐ ☐ fluffiness [n] - a soft and light quality
• ☐ ☐ ☐ goslings [n] - baby geese
• ☐ ☐ ☐ dense [adj] - thick and heavy
• ☐ ☐ ☐ a coat [n] - the hair, fur, or feathers on an animal's body
• ☐ ☐ ☐ elaborate [adj] - complex
• ☐ ☐ ☐ a barrier [n] - a wall
• ☐ ☐ ☐ reach out [phv] - stretch, extend
• ☐ ☐ ☐ Velcro [n] - sticky fastener with tiny hooks [image]
• ☐ ☐ ☐ weave [v] - twist or connect threads together
• ☐ ☐ ☐ a lattice [n] - a crisscross pattern [image]
• ☐ ☐ ☐ repel [v] - push away, keep out
• ☐ ☐ ☐ overlapping [adj] - one thing partly covering another thing
• ☐ ☐ ☐ strut [v] - walk proudly
• ☐ ☐ ☐ a grip [n] - a hold, control
• ☐ ☐ ☐ a seal [n] - a tight connection preventing water or air from entering
• ☐ ☐ ☐ painstaking [adj] - very careful and detailed, involving hard work
• ☐ ☐ ☐ a bill [n] - a bird’s mouth (the beak of a water bird) [image]
• ☐ ☐ ☐ zip [v] - close quickly like with a zipper
• ☐ ☐ ☐ comfy [adj] - comfortable

[n] - noun,  [v] - verb,  [phv] - phrasal verb,  [adj] - adjective,  [exp] - expression

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1. What does the woman say about down feathers?
   They keep water away from the bird's skin.
   They are next to the bird's skin.
   They help create the shape of a bird.
   They are only on a bird's wings.
   Goslings are born with them.
   They help trap warm air.
   They help birds fly.
   They are colorful.
   They are soft.
   
   
2. What does the woman say about vaned feathers?
   They keep water away from the bird's skin.
   They are next to the bird's skin.
   They help create the shape of a bird.
   They are only on a bird's wings.
   Goslings are born with them.
   They help trap warm air.
   They help birds fly.
   They are colorful.
   They are soft.
   
   
3. What do barbicels do?
   Hold feathers together
   Produce color pigments
   Make the feathers soft
   Help birds swim
   
   
4. What is the main purpose of preening?
   To reattach separated barbs and barbicels
   To keep feathers warm by adding oil
   To keep feathers clean
   To remove old feathers
   
   

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Directions: What expressions from the video have the same meaning as the highlighted expressions in the sentences below?

Instrucciones: ¿Qué expresiones del video tienen el mismo significado que las expresiones destacadas en las oraciones siguientes?

Instruções: Quais expressões do vídeo têm o mesmo significado que as expressões destacadas nas frases abaixo?

지시 사항: 아래 문장에서 강조된 표현과 같은 의미를 가진 표현을 영상에서 찾아보세요.

1. Ducks and geese [ kick in water ] their days away in often [ cold ] waters.

   [ paddle ] [ chilly ]

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2. They rely on their extraordinary feathers to stay all dry and [ warm ].

   [ toasty ]

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3. But such glamorous [ all of the feathers ] requires a strict preening [ system ].

   [ plumage ] [ regimen ]

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4. Their [ soft and light quality ] creates a space for warm air right next to the bird's skin.

   [ fluffiness ]

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5. These [ baby geese ] are born with an extra [ thick and heavy ] coat of down feathers.

   [ goslings ] [ dense ]

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6. As they grow, they develop more [ complicated, detailed ] vaned feathers.

   [ elaborate ]

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7. They connect the [ partly covering one another ] barbs to one another like Velcro.

   [ overlapping ]

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8. But as these birds [ walk proudly ] their stuff, some of the barbicels lose their [ tight hold ].

   [ strut ] [ grip ]

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9. That's where all that [ requiring a lot of detailed work ] [ grooming ] comes in.

   [ painstaking ] [ preening ]

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Directions: Fill in the missing letters.

Birds have two main t y _ _ _ of feathers: vaned and down. Down feathers are fuzzy and soft. Their fluffiness creates a space for wa__ air next to the bird's skin. These g o s _ _ _ _ _ are born w i _ _ an extra dense coat of down feathers. As they grow, they d e v _ _ _ _ more e l a b _ _ _ _ _ vaned feathers. These give b i _ _ _ their shapely c u r _ _ _ and color, and help them fly. Plus, the vaned feathers p r o t _ _ _ the down by forming a b a r r _ _ _ that keeps air in and water out.

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Directions: Write sentences about the video clip using the words given. You can change the word form or add words, but you cannot change the word order.
( ) = optional   [ ] = necessary

Instrucciones: Escriba oraciones sobre el videoclip usando las palabras dadas. Puede cambiar la forma de la palabra o agregar palabras, pero no puede cambiar el orden de las palabras.

Instruções:: Escreva orações sobre o videoclipe usando as palavras-chave. Você pode alterar a forma da palavra ou adicionar palavras, mas não pode alterar a ordem das palavras.

지시 : 주어진 단어를 사용하여 비디오 클립에 대한 문장을 씁니다. 어형을 변경하거나 단어를 추가할 수 있지만 어순은 변경할 수 없습니다.

duck / goose / have / beautiful / feather / that / also / very / function

Ducks and geese have beautiful feathers that are also very functional.

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they / actual / have / two / type / feather

They actually have two types of feathers.

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first / be / down / feather / which / trap / warm / air / close / skin

The first (type/one) is down feathers, which trap warm air close to [their/the] skin.

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second / be / vaned / feather / which / give / duck / goose / shape / color

The second (type/one) is vaned feathers, which give ducks and geese their shape and color.

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vaned / feather / also / repel / water / and / allow / bird / fly

Vaned feathers also repel water and allow birds to fly.

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vaned / feather / contain / tiny / hook / call / barbicel

Vaned feathers contain tiny hooks (which are) called barbicels.

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these / barbicel / connect / overlap / feather / which / make / bird / coat / *watertight

These barbicels connect (the) overlapping feathers, which makes a bird's coat watertight.

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* watertight (adj): not allowing water to pass through, completely sealed against water

however / movement / can / loose / these / hook / so / duck / preen / reconnect / barbicel / back / place

However, movement can loosen these hooks, so ducks preen (in order) to reconnect the barbicels.

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they / therefore / need / preen / self / constant / keep / self / warm / dry

They therefore need to preen themselves constantly (in order) to keep themselves warm and dry.

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1. What new information did you learn from this video? What was most surprising or most interesting?
2. Why do ducks and geese need both down feathers and vaned feathers to survive in cold water?
3. What do you think would happen to a duck if it stopped preening for several days?
4. How might climate or pollution affect a duck’s ability to keep its feathers clean and waterproof?
5. What lessons about natural design or technology could people learn from the structure of duck and goose feathers?
6. The duck is described as “strutting its stuff.” What does this mean? Have you ever seen an animal that seemed proud of its appearance? Can you describe the situation?