Learn English with The Last of Us

#7. The Story of the Pandemic


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Published: 6.09.2023
Level 4   |   Time: 4:14
Accent: American

Improve your English with an ESL listening lesson from popular HBO program The Last of Us. Joel explains how the pandemic started.


    

triangle Directions 목표 Direcciones Instruções


  1. READ the VOCABULARY + BACKGROUND

    It is important to read the vocabulary and background before you watch the video. This will improve your ability to understand the video. It will also help you understand how the new vocabulary is used naturally.

  2. WATCH the VIDEO

    The first time you watch the video, just try to understand the overall situation.

  3. ANSWER the QUESTIONS

    First, try to answer all the questions from memory. Then rewatch the video and try to answer the questions that you missed.

  4. WATCH and READ the SCRIPT

    Watch the video again while you read the script. Reading and listening at the same time will help you hear each individual word and improve your listening accuracy.

  5. DO the ACTIVITIES

    There are several different activities that focus on listening accuracy, pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, and sentence structure.

  1. LEA el VOCABULARIO y ANTECEDENTES.

    Es importante leer el vocabulario y los antecedentes antes de ver el video. Esto mejorará su capacidad para comprender el video. También le ayudará a comprender cómo se usa el nuevo vocabulario de forma natural.

  2. VER el VIDEO

    La primera vez que vea el video, intente comprender la situación general.

  3. RESPONDE a las PREGUNTAS

    Primero intente responder todas las preguntas de memoria. Luego, vuelva a ver el video e intente responder las preguntas que se perdió.

  4. MIRAR Y LEER

    Mire el video nuevamente mientras lee el guión. Leer y escuchar al mismo tiempo lo ayudará a escuchar cada palabra individual y mejorará su precisión auditiva.

  5. HACER LAS ACTIVIDADES

    Hay una serie de actividades diferentes que se centran en la precisión auditiva, la pronunciación, el vocabulario, la gramática y la estructura de las oraciones.

  1. 어휘와 배경 읽기

    비디오를 보기 전에 어휘와 배경을 읽는 것이 중요합니다. 이렇게 하면 비디오를 이해하는 능력이 향상됩니다. 또한 새로운 어휘가 어떻게 자연스럽게 사용되는지 이해하는데 도움이됩니다.

  2. 비디오 보기

    비디오를 처음 볼 때 전체 상황을 이해하려고 노력하세요.

  3. 문제에 답하기

    먼저 모든 질문에 답을 해보세요. 그런 다음 비디오를 다시보고 놓친 질문에 답해보세요.

  4. 비디오 보면서 대본 읽기

    대본을 읽는 동안 비디오를 다시 보세요. 읽기와 듣기를 동시에 하면 각각의 단어를 듣고, 듣기 정확도를 향상시킬 수 있습니다.

  5. 액티비티 하기

    듣기 정확도, 발음, 어휘, 문법 및 문장 구조에 초점을 맞춘 다양한 액티비티가 있습니다.

  1. LER o VOCABULÁRIO + FUNDO

    É importante ler o vocabulário e o histórico antes de assistir ao vídeo. Isso melhorará sua capacidade de entender o vídeo. Também ajudará você a entender como o novo vocabulário é usado naturalmente.

  2. ASSISTA ao VÍDEO

    Na primeira vez que assistir ao vídeo, tente entender a situação geral.

  3. RESPONDA às PERGUNTAS

    Primeiro, tente responder todas as perguntas de memória. Em seguida, assista novamente ao vídeo e tente responder às perguntas que você errou.

  4. ASSISTA e LEIA o SCRIPT

    Assista ao vídeo novamente enquanto lê o roteiro. Ler e ouvir ao mesmo tempo ajudará você a ouvir cada palavra individualmente e a melhorar sua precisão auditiva.

  5. FAÇA as ATIVIDADES

    Existem várias atividades diferentes que se concentram na precisão auditiva, pronúncia, vocabulário, gramática e estrutura da frase.

triangle Vocabulary 어휘 Vocabulário Vocabulario


  • ☐ ☐ ☐ shove [v] - push
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ 12 bucks [n] - 12 dollars
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ grim [adj] - dark, sad, depressing
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ crash down [phv] - be destroyed
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ Cordyceps [n] - the fungus that started the pandemic
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ all at once [exp] - suddenly, simultaneously
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ get bit [exp] - be bitten
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ I bet... [exp] - I guess...
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ mutate [v] - change
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ tainted (food) [adj] - infected (food)
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ hit the store shelves [exp] - arrive in stores
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ make more sense [exp] - be more logical
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ cut across the woods [exp] - move through a forest
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ evacuate [v] - remove people from a dangerous place
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ a QZ [n] - a quarantine zone (a safe area)
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ leave them be [exp] - leave them alone, not bother them

[n] - noun,  [v] - verb,  [phv] - phrasal verb,  [adj] - adjective,  [exp] - expression



triangle Background 배경 O fundo Antecedentes


Joel Ellie
Joel Ellie
  • There is a fungus that turns people into zombies.
  • The fungus pandemic destroyed civilization in 2003
  • It is now 2023.
  • Ellie is immune to the pandemic.
  • Joel is trying to protect Ellie.

triangle Questions 문제 Questões Preguntas


  1. Joel flew in an airplane _______.
    once
    a few times
    all the time

  2. Joel paid _______ for a sandwich on an airplane.
    two bucks
    twelve bucks
    twenty bucks

  3. Ellie thinks that the pandemic started when _______ bit a human.
    a dog
    a wolf
    a zombie
    a monkey

  4. The Cordyceps fungus got into a basic ingredient like _______.
    rice
    eggs
    meat
    flour
    mushrooms

  5. This food was sold all across _______.
    the US
    Europe
    the world
    North America

  6. The tainted food arrived on store shelves on a _______.
    Monday
    Thursday
    Friday
    Sunday

  7. People started biting each other on _______.
    Friday morning
    Friday afternoon
    Friday night

  8. Civilization had been destroyed by _______.
    Monday
    Thursday
    Friday
    Sunday

  9. Joel wants to cut across the woods _______.
    to show Ellie the dead bodies
    so that Ellie doesn't see the dead bodies

  10. A week after the outbreak, soldiers started _______.
    hiding in the countryside
    robbing people in the countryside
    evacuating people in the countryside
    looking for the Cordyceps fungus in the countryside

  11. The soldiers killed people _______.
    only if they were sick
    only if they weren't sick
    even if they were sick
    even if they weren't sick

  12. The soldiers believed that dead people _______.
    couldn't be infected
    might turn into zombies
    would speed up the spread of the fungus



triangle Sentence Building (Summary) 문장 만들기 Construção de sentença Construcción de oraciones [ ? ]

Summary

This activity is designed to improve sentence accuracy and complexity. Most students can produce the key content words in a sentence. However, they have difficulty with accuracy because the functional words are difficult or can seem unimportant. This activity will help learners eliminate problems with these functional words by giving them immediate feedback on the mistakes they are making. It will also help students develop their use of more natural, varied and complex sentence structures.

TIP: Say the sentence out loud. Notice the types of mistake you make often. Focus on those types of errors. (singular/plural, subject-verb agreement, article use, prepositions, gerunds and infinitives, noun clauses, adjective clauses, word order, and word forms.)

Resumen

Esta actividad está diseñada para mejorar la precisión y complejidad de las oraciones. La mayoría de los estudiantes pueden producir las palabras clave del contenido en una oración. Sin embargo, tienen dificultades con la precisión porque las palabras funcionales son difíciles o pueden parecer poco importantes. Esta actividad ayudará a los alumnos a eliminar problemas con estas palabras funcionales al brindarles retroalimentación inmediata sobre los errores que están cometiendo. También ayudará a los estudiantes a desarrollar su uso de estructuras de oraciones más naturales, variadas y complejas.

CONSEJO: Diga la oración en voz alta. Observe los tipos de errores que comete con frecuencia. Concéntrese en ese tipo de errores. (singular / plural, concordancia entre sujeto y verbo, uso del artículo, preposiciones, gerundios e infinitivos, cláusulas sustantivas, cláusulas adjetivas, orden de las palabras y formas de las palabras).

요약

이 액티비티는 문장의 정확성과 복잡성을 개선하기 위해 고안되었습니다. 대부분의 학생들은 문장에서 핵심 내용 단어를 생성 할 수 있습니다. 그러나 기능적 단어가 어렵거나 중요하지 않은 것처럼 보일 수 있기 때문에 정확성에 어려움이 있습니다. 이 액티비티는 학습자가 실수에 대한 즉각적인 피드백을 제공함으로써 이러한 기능적 단어의 문제를 제거하는 데 도움이 됩니다. 또한 학생들이 보다 자연스럽고 다양하며 복잡한 문장 구조를 사용하는 데 도움이 됩니다.

팁 : 문장을 크게 말하세요. 자주 저지르는 실수 유형과, 이러한 유형의 오류에 집중하세요. (단수 / 복수, 주어-동사 일치, 관사 사용, 전치사, 동명사 및 부정사, 명사절, 형용사절, 어순 및 단어 형태)

Resumo

Esta atividade foi desenvolvida para melhorar a precisão e a complexidade das frases. A maioria dos alunos pode produzir as palavras-chave do conteúdo em uma frase. No entanto, eles têm dificuldade com precisão porque as palavras funcionais são difíceis ou podem parecer sem importância. Esta atividade ajudará os alunos a eliminar problemas com essas palavras funcionais, dando-lhes feedback imediato sobre os erros que estão cometendo. Também ajudará os alunos a desenvolver o uso de estruturas de sentenças mais naturais, variadas e complexas.

DICA: Diga a frase em voz alta. Observe os tipos de erro que você comete com frequência. Concentre-se nesses tipos de erros. (singular/plural, concordância sujeito-verbo, uso de artigos, preposições, gerúndios e infinitivos, cláusulas substantivas, cláusulas adjetivas, ordem das palavras e formas das palavras.)


Directions: Write sentences about the video clip using the words given. You can change the word form or add words, but you cannot change the word order. Use a present time frame (tense).

Instrucciones: Escriba oraciones sobre el videoclip usando las palabras dadas. Puede cambiar la forma de la palabra o agregar palabras, pero no puede cambiar el orden de las palabras. Usa el tiempo presente.

Instrucciones: Escribe oraciones sobre el videoclip usando las palabras dadas. Puede cambiar la forma de las palabras o agregar palabras, pero no puede cambiar el orden de las palabras. Usa tiempo presente.

지시 : 주어진 단어를 사용하여 비디오 클립에 대한 문장을 씁니다. 어형을 변경하거나 단어를 추가할 수 있지만 어순은 변경할 수 없습니다. 현재 시제를 사용합니다.



Sentence 1

Joel / Ellie / come / across / wreck / old / airliner


Joel and Ellie come across the wreck of an old airliner.



Sentence 2

Ellie / impress / Joel / fly / airplane


Ellie is impressed (that) Joel flew in an airplane.



Sentence 3

Ellie / want / know / how / pandemic / start


Ellie wants to know how the pandemic started.



Sentence 4

pandemic / start / when / Cordyceps / fungus / mutate / and / get / basic / ingredient / like / flour


The pandemic started when the Cordyceps fungus mutated and got into basic ingredients like flour.



Sentence 5

taint / food / hit / shelf / Thursday


The tainted food hit the shelves on (a) Thursday.



Sentence 6

after / people / eat / some / taint / food / they / sick / and / start / bite / other


After people [ate/had eaten] some of the tainted food, they [got/became] sick and started [biting/to bite] each other.



Sentence 7

pandemic / break / out / Friday / September / 26 / 2003 / and / civilization / end / by / Monday


The pandemic broke out on Friday, September 26th, 2003, and civilization had ended by Monday.



Sentence 8

Joel / want / cut / across / wood / prevent / Ellie / see / mass / grave


Joel wants to cut across the woods (in order) to prevent Ellie from seeing a mass grave.



Sentence 9

week / after / outbreak / soldier / start / evacuate / people / countryside


A week after the outbreak, soldiers started [to evacuate/evacuating] (the) people from the countryside.



Sentence 10

if / there / no / room / people / one / quarantine / zone / soldier / kill / them


If there was no room for the people in one of the quarantine zones, the soldiers killed them.



Sentence 11

soldier / kill / them / because / they / reason / dead / people / not / infect


The soldiers killed them because they reasoned (that) dead people couldn't be infected.



triangle Discussion 논의 Questões de discussão Discusión


  1. Following Joel's explanation, explain how the pandemic started.
  2. Joel says that the Cordyceps fungus was probably in a basic food like flour. From the previous videos, can you remember the times that Joel and his brother avoided eating food made from flour?
  3. Ellie wants to know why the soldiers killed people in the small towns. How does Joel justify this action? Do you agree with his reasoning? Why or why not?
  4. What does Ellie's initial reaction to flying in planes reveal about her perspective on the pre-outbreak world? How does Joel's response differ from Ellie's perception?
  5. Do you think airplane food is overpriced? Which airline do you think serves the best food? Which airline serves the worst food?
  6. What aspects of modern society would you miss the most if you lived in this post-apocalyptic world? What would you not miss?

triangle Script 대본 Roteiro Texto


Ellie: Holy shit. Did you fly in one of those?

Joel: A few times, sure.

Ellie: So lucky.

Joel: It didn’t feel like it at the time. Get shoved into a middle seat, pay 12 bucks for a sandwich.

Ellie: Dude, you got to go up in the sky.

Joel: Yeah, well, so did they.

Ellie: Grim.


Ellie: So, everything came crashing down in one day?

Joel: Pretty much.

Ellie: How? I mean, no one was infected with Cordyceps. Everybody’s fine, eating in restaurants and flying in planes. And then, all at once? How did it even start? If you have to get bit to be infected, then who bit the first person? Was it a monkey? I bet it was a monkey.

Joel: It wasn’t a monkey. I thought you went to school.

Ellie: FEDRA school. They don’t teach us how their shitty government failed to prevent a pandemic.

Joel: No one knows for sure, but, the best guess (is) Cordyceps mutated. And some of it got into the food supply. Probably a basic ingredient like flour or sugar. There were certain brands of food that were sold everywhere, all across the country, across the world. Bread, cereal, pancake mix. You eat enough of it, it'll get you infected. So the tainted food all hits the store shelves around the same time, Thursday. People bought it, ate some Thursday night or Friday morning. The day goes on, they started to get sick. Afternoon, evening, they got worse. Then they started biting. Friday night, September 26, 2003. And by Monday, everything was gone.

Ellie: It makes more sense than monkeys. Thanks.

Joel: Sure.

Ellie: What?

Joel: We'll cut across the woods here.

Ellie: Isn't the road easier?

Joel: Yeah, it's just, there's stuff up there you shouldn't see.

Ellie: Well, now I have to see.

Joel: I don't want you to. Serious. Ellie!

Ellie: Can it hurt me?

Joel: No.

Ellie: You're too honest, man. You should have said axe murderer.


Ellie: Uh, whatever it was, I think it's gone.

Joel: About a week after Outbreak Day, soldiers went through the countryside, evacuated the small towns. (They) Told you that you were going to a QZ. And you were, if there was room. If there wasn't...

Ellie: These people weren't sick?

Joel: No, probably not.

Ellie: Why kill them? Why not just leave them be?

Joel: Dead people can't be infected.

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