Latin & Greek Stems and Prefixes

Directions: Read each set of words and guess the meaning of the bolded prefix.

Instrucciones: Lee cada grupo de palabras e intenta adivinar el significado del prefijo en negrita.

Instruções: Leia cada grupo de palavras e tente adivinhar o significado do prefixo em negrito.

지시 사항 : 각 단어 그룹을 읽고 굵게 표시된 접두사의 의미를 추측해 보세요.

Інструкції: Прочитайте кожну групу слів і спробуйте вгадати значення виділеного жирним префікса.

1. benefit, beneficial, benevolent, benefactor
   
   bene- good, well
   
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2. neonatal, neoclassical, Neolithic, neon
   
   neo- new
   
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3. surface, surpass, surcharge, surreal
   
   sur- over, beyond
   
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4. repay, rebuild, recover, return
   
   re- (review) back, again
   
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5. connect, combine, contact, compress
   
   com-, con- (review) together, with
   
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Directions: Read each pair of sentences and guess the meaning of the bolded root.

Instrucciones: Lee cada par de oraciones e intenta adivinar el significado de la raíz en negrita.

Instruções: Leia cada par de frases e tente adivinhar o significado do radical em negrito.

지시 사항 : 각 문장 쌍을 읽고 굵게 표시된 어근의 의미를 추측해 보세요.

Інструкції: Прочитайте кожну пару речень і спробуйте вгадати значення виділеного жирним кореня.

1. The coach said the final game was mostly psychological — not physical.
   Some people believe a psychic can read other people's minds.
   mind, soul
   
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2. Audiophiles love high-quality sound and spend a lot of money on speakers.
   Philadelphia is nicknamed "the City of Brotherly Love."
   phil/phile: love
   
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3. She has a phobia of snakes and screams whenever she sees one.
   Because she has claustrophobia, she won't go into small spaces like elevators.
   phobia: fear
   
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4. Doctors use a respirator to help patients breathe.
   The spirometer measured how much air he could breathe out in one breath.
   spir: breathe
   
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5. The colors in the painting were incredibly vivid and full of life.
   Vitamins are nutrients that are essential for staying healthy.
   viv/vit: life, live
   
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6. The politician promised to improve public transportation in the city.
   A cosmopolitan city like New York has people from all over the world.
   polis/polit: city
   
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7. Use the map app to locate the nearest subway station.
   The local restaurant is just around the corner from our place.
   loc: place
   
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Directions: Use this chart to check your answers and see more example words for each prefix and stem.

Instrucciones: Usa esta tabla para comprobar tus respuestas y ver más palabras de ejemplo para cada prefijo y raíz.

Instruções: Use esta tabela para conferir suas respostas e ver mais palavras de exemplo para cada prefixo e radical.

지시 사항 : 이 차트를 사용하여 답을 확인하고 각 접두사와 어근의 더 많은 예시 단어를 확인하세요.

Інструкції: Використовуйте цю таблицю, щоб перевірити свої відповіді та переглянути більше прикладів слів для кожного префікса й кореня.

Prefixes

Prefix		Meaning	Example Words
bene-		good, well	benefit, beneficial, benevolent
neo-		new	neonatal, neoclassical, Neolithic
sur-		over, beyond	survive, surface, surpass
re- (review)		back, again	revive, relocate, return
com-, con- (review)		together, with	conspire, connect, combine

Stems

Stem		Meaning	Example Words
psych		mind, soul	psychology, psychiatrist, psychic
phil, phile		love	philosophy, audiophile, Philadelphia
phobia		fear	claustrophobia, arachnophobia, acrophobia
spir		breathe	inspire, respiration, spirit
viv, vit		life, live	vivid, revive, vitamin
polis, polit		city	megalopolis, cosmopolitan, acropolis
loc		place	local, locate, relocate

Directions: Click a meaning tile, then click the empty box it belongs in. Each item checks itself automatically once both boxes are filled. Click a filled box to remove it.

Instrucciones: Haz clic en una ficha de significado y luego en la casilla vacía a la que pertenece. Cada elemento se revisa automáticamente una vez que ambas casillas están completas. Haz clic en una casilla completada para eliminarla.

Instruções: Clique em uma ficha de significado e depois na caixa vazia a que ela pertence. Cada item é verificado automaticamente assim que as duas caixas forem preenchidas. Clique em uma caixa preenchida para removê-la.

지시 사항 : 의미 타일을 클릭한 다음, 해당 타일이 속한 빈 상자를 클릭하세요. 두 상자가 모두 채워지면 자동으로 확인됩니다. 채워진 상자를 클릭하면 제거할 수 있습니다.

Інструкції: Натисніть на плитку значення, а потім на порожнє поле, до якого вона належить. Кожен елемент перевіряється автоматично, щойно обидва поля заповнено. Натисніть на заповнене поле, щоб видалити його.

Score:

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Directions: Choose the best meaning for each bold word.

Instrucciones: Elige el mejor significado para cada palabra en negrita.

Instruções: Escolha o melhor significado para cada palavra em negrito.

지시 사항 : 굵게 표시된 각 단어에 가장 알맞은 의미를 선택하세요.

Інструкції: Виберіть найкраще значення для кожного виділеного жирним слова.

1. Which picture shows respiration?
   
   
   -- A --

   -- B --

   -- C --

   -- D --
   
   
2. These drawings show physical injuries. Which one shows a dislocation?
   
   
   -- A --

   -- B --

   -- C --

   -- D --
   
   
3. The city plans to revitalize its old downtown area. The city wants to ______.
   bring new life and energy to it
   keep it exactly the same
   tear it down completely
   close it to visitors
   
   
4. A hydrophobic jacket ______.
   soaks up water like a sponge
   must be washed every day
   is made for swimming
   pushes water away
   
   
5. When criminals conspire, they ______.
   confess their crimes to the police
   secretly plan something together
   escape from prison
   argue about money
   
   
6. Biblio refers to books. So if someone is a bibliophile, they probably ______.
   write books for a living
   have trouble reading
   rarely visit libraries
   have many books
   
   
7. A vivacious host at a party is ______.
   tired and bored
   angry and rude
   quiet and shy
   full of energy
   
   
8. Necro is Greek for the dead. Archaeologists explored an ancient Egyptian necropolis. A necropolis is ______.
   a city where no one lives anymore
   a city that was destroyed in a war
   a large ancient cemetery
   a temple for the gods
   
   
9. A doctor says a patient's stomach pain is psychosomatic. This means the pain ______.
   will go away by itself tomorrow
   is caused by bad food
   is caused by the mind
   is caused by a virus
   
   
10. Acro is Greek for high or top. In Athens, tourists visit the ancient Acropolis. An acropolis is ______.
    the highest peak of a mountain range
    a tall stone tower for watching ships
    the part of a city built on a high hill
    a thick forest on top of a hill
    
    
11. The word politics originally referred to ______.
    the affairs of a city and its citizens
    the history of a family
    the study of the stars
    the rules of a sport
    
    
12. At the end of the ceremony, the priest gave a benediction. He ______.
    politely asked everyone to leave
    spoke words of blessing
    read a list of names
    sang a sad song
    
    
13. My cousin has neophilia. She probably ______.
    refuses to try any food she hasn't eaten before
    lines up overnight to buy every new phone
    collects old coins and antique furniture
    falls in love very easily
    
    
14. A restaurant owner says many of her older customers have neophobia. To keep them happy, she should ______.
    add many new and unusual dishes to the menu
    move the restaurant to a new location
    keep the same old menu
    hire more friendly staff
    
    
15. After the event, the school had a surplus of chairs. The school had ______.
    exactly the right number of chairs
    more chairs than it needed
    only broken chairs
    not enough chairs
    
    
16. Philosophy is the study of big questions about life, truth and morality. But soph is Greek for wisdom, so philosophy literally means ______.
    the need for wisdom
    the study of wisdom
    the love of wisdom
    the fear of wisdom
    
    
17. Lithos is Greek for stone. The Neolithic period was ______.
    the oldest part of the Stone Age, when people first made tools
    the newer part of the Stone Age, when people began farming
    the time after people stopped using stone tools at all
    a time when people built the first stone cities
    
    
18. Which of these words contain the stem meaning "place" (loc)?
    locomotion
    allocate
    locust
    locale
    clock
    lock
    
    

Score:

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1. In this lesson, you saw aquaphobia (fear of water) and neophobia (fear of new things).
   Here are six more common phobias. Can you match them to their fear?
   
   agoraphobia,   arachnophobia,   claustrophobia,   dentophobia,   nyctophobia,   technophobia
   
   a crowded place,   a small space,   dentists,   night,   spiders,   technology
   
   Which of these phobias do you think is the most common? Do you have any of them?
2. Next, try using stems from this and previous lessons to invent new phobia names. (Example: chronophobia = fear of time) What does your phobia mean?
3. Cine comes from cinema, so a cinephile is someone who loves movies.
   Are you a cinephile? What is a movie you could watch again and again?
   If you are not a cinephile, what kind of "-phile" are you? (Example: an audiophile spends a lot of money on audio equipment; a bibliophile collects rare books.)
4. The word spirit comes from spir, "breathe."
   Why might people long ago have connected breath with a person's spirit or soul? What happens to a person's breath when they die?
5. In ancient Greek, the word psyche meant both "soul" and "butterfly."
   Why do you think a butterfly became a symbol of the soul or mind?
6. Both police and politics come from Greek polis, "city."
   How are police officers and politicians connected to city life? Is that connection still true today?
7. Philadelphia comes from phil + adelphos, "brother": the City of Brotherly Love.
   If you could give your own city a Greek or Latin nickname using stems from any of these lessons, what would it be?
8. Look at the two pictures of breathing below. Their names are inspiration and expiration. Together, they make up respiration.
   Which name belongs to picture A, and which belongs to picture B? How do the prefixes in- and ex- help you decide?
   Food has an expiration date, and an old way to say someone died is that they expired. How is "breathing out" connected to each of these?
   (In everyday English, we say inhale and exhale. Different stems, same prefixes.)

Directions: Play the audio clip and try to repeat what you hear. Click "Show" to see the text.

Instrucciones: Reproduce el clip de audio e intenta repetir lo que escuchas. Haga clic en "Show" para ver el texto.

Instruções: Reproduza o clipe de áudio e tente repetir o que você ouve. Clique em "Show" para ver o texto.

지시 사항 : 오디오 클립을 재생하고 들리는 내용을 반복해 보십시오. 텍스트를 보려면 "Show" 를 클릭하십시오.

Інструкції: Увімкніть аудіокліп і спробуйте повторити те, що чуєте. Натисніть "Show", щоб побачити текст.

She chose to study psychology because she wants to understand how people think.

As an audiophile, Jae-ho spent a whole month's pay on new speakers.

Min-jun has aquaphobia, so he won't even go into the shallow end of the pool.

Her speech inspired the whole team to work harder.

Paramedics worked quickly to revive the unconscious swimmer.

A cactus can survive for months without any water.

Tokyo, Yokohama, and the cities around them have grown into one megalopolis.

The company will relocate its main office to Busan next year.

An anonymous benefactor helped the town by paying for its new library.

The philanthropist gave millions of dollars to help poor families around the world.

Because of his neophobia, my grandfather refuses to try any new food or use a new phone.